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A. W. FINLAYSON. STEAM GENERATOR No. 553,982. Patented Feb. 4, 1896.

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Patented Feb. 4, 1896.

:l llllll lll WITNESSES UNITE STATES PATENT OFFICE,

ALEXANDER WV. FINLAYSON, OF DETROIT, MICHIGAN, ASSIGNOR OF ONE- THIRD TO ROBERT XV. BENTON, OF SAME PLACE.

STEAM-G EN ERATOR.

. SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 553,982, dated February 4, 1896.

Application filed April 5, 1895. Serial No. 544,526. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, ALEXANDER XV. FIN- LAYSON, a citizen of the United States, residing at Detroit, in the county of \Vayne, State of Michigan, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Steam- Generators; and I do declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

This invention relates to new and useful improvements in water-tube boilers or steamgenerators; and it consists in the construction and arrangement of parts as hereinafter more fully set forth and pointed out particularly in the claims.

The object of the invention is to construct a water-tube boiler in which the arrangement is such as to provide a complete and rapid circulation, to convey the generated steam quickly and freely to the steam-drum, and to provide ample heating-surface and utilize to the fullest extent the caloric product of combustion, which object is attained by the construction illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 is a central vertical longitudinal section through this improved steam-generator. Fig. 2 is a vertical transverse section through the same. Fig. 3 is a view in side elevation showing more particularly the superheating steam-pipes and the feed-water coils and their connections, the casing being in section. Fig. l is a front elevation with the casing partly broken away and the superheating-pipes on the sides omitted, showing by dotted lines the location and connections of the feed-water coils, showing also the formation of the base water-pipes around the stokeholes of the furnace and the connection of the short water-front therewith.

Referring to the letters of reference, A designates a horizontal steam and water drum located near the top of the boiler and connected centrally at each end with a short water-front and water-back B and B, respectively, which extend transversely across the front and back of the boiler and form enlarged water-chambers at the ends of said drum.

Extending longitudinally of the boiler at the bottom are three large base-pipes consisting of the sides pipes O and the central pipe 0. These base-pipes are provided at their forward ends with suitable elbows,from which they extend vertically to the height of the fire-space, their upper ends being connected by a large transverse pipe I), as clearly shown in Fig. 4, thereby forming a frame around the stoke-doors O of the furnace. Connecting this elevated cross-pipe D with the water front or chamber B is a series of vertical pipes b, which establish communication between said base-pipes and the said water-front.

D designates a large transverse pipe which connects the rear ends of said base-pipes, and connecting said transverse pipe with the water-back B is a series of vertical pipes 12, which formation and arrangement of parts establish ample water communication between the water-front and water-back and 7 5 the horizontal base-pipes and constitutes the main frame of the boiler, around which is placed a suitable jacket or casing A.

In the center of the vertical pipes 19 and b, as well as in the other pipes and fittings of the boiler, I employa union-coupling a of peculiar construction,which forms a secure and perfect joint between the sections of pipe and facilitates the coupling and assembling of the pipes within the boiler,as well as enabling any of the pipe-sections to be readily removed. This coupling, however, forms no part of this application and need not be further described herein.

This boiler, as will be seen, is of the double- 9o grate pattern, the grates E being located on each side of the central base-pipe 0 between said central pipe and the side flow-pipes 0. (Clearly shown in Fig. 2.) Said grates terminate remote from the back of the boiler, and 5 at their rear ends is located a suitable bridgewall E.

The steam-generatin g pipes of the boiler are composed mainly of vertical loops,which consist of two parallel pipes united at their ends by return-bend fittings F,which fittings are provided with transverse apertures c to receive lateral couplings for the purpose of connecting said loops. Of these steam-generating loops those that are located directly over the grates are shorter to allow for sufficient fire-space between said grates and their depending ends and are divided into three independent divisions, consisting of the loops G on each side and the central loops, II. The series of said loops G are connected laterally at the top and bottom by means of the unioncouplings a and communicate with the side flow-pipes C through a series of vertical pipes F, which are tapped into said side pipes and connect with the fittings F of the outer loops of each series, as shown in Fig. 2. The upper ends of the side loops, G, extend into line with the horizontal diameter of the drum A and are connected therewith through a series of short nipples a", which enter the opposite sides of said drum.

The central series of loops, II, are independent of the side loops, but are connected laterally at each end by means of the unions a and have communication with the central base-pipe C through a series of vertical pipes F and with the drum A through a series of couplings e,which enter through the lower arc thereof.

Beyond the line of the bridge-wall the loops of both the side and center series are made longer and extend the entire distance between the drum A and the base-pipes of the boiler, as shown at G and ll in Figs. 1 and 2, being connected at their lower ends with their respective base-pipes through the union-couplings a. These unions (z are also placed in the center of the vertical pipes F and F to facilitate the assembling of the parts and permit of their ready removal.

In the construction as above described it will be understood that the circulation is upward from the base-pipes through the series of vertical loops and into the drum A, thence outward through the ends of said drum into the water front and back and downward through the vertical pipes b and b to the basepipes, thus making a complete circulation. By this division of the steam-generatingloops into independentsections the circulation is accelerated, as each division is provided with separate induct and educt pipes, which afford a free circulation of the water by obviating conflicting currents, also enabling steam bubbles formed in said loops to more readily reach the steam-drum by making their course more direct and principally in a vertical direction, which arrangement also obviates the liability of blowing the water out of the pipes that are subject to the more intense heat of the fire-space, as is incident to boilers of this class wherein the steam-generating pipes lie horizontally. An additional advantage in this division of the steamgeneratin g loops results from the fact that by this arrangement a continuous and rigid horizontal pipe or connec tion across the fire-space is obviated, thereby providing for a free transverse expansion and contraction of the couplings between the lower ends of said loops.

To provide a return draft there is employed on each side of the drum A a horizontal dividing-plate I, which extends rearwardly from the water-front B between the sides of said drum and the casing to a point remote from the water-back, thereby causing the caloric current to pass upwardly and rearwardly between the steam-generating loops around the rear end of said dividing-plate, thence forward along the crown of said drum to the stack J, forming a return fire-space between said plate and the top of the boilercasin g. lVithin this return fire-space on each side of said drum are located the feed-water coils K, which traverse said space longitudinally, their forward ends extending downward and connecting with a pipe K, which crosses the front of the boiler, as shown in Figs. 3 and at, and with which the pump (not shown) is connected. The rear ends of said coils extend downward at the back of the boiler and enter the rear ends of the side basepipes C, by which means the feed-water in passing through the coils K lying in the return fire-space is intensely heated before entering the circulatory system of the boiler.

Extending longitudinally of the interior of the drum A, adjacent to the crown thereof, is a perforated dry-pipe L, one end of which passes out of said drum, as at 7L, from which point the branches )1 ext-end downwardly on each side of the boiler and connect with the rear ends of the lower pipes, O, of the super-heatingpipes, which consist of the upper and lower horizontal pipes N and 0, connected by the risers or series of vertical pipes f, and which are located on opposite sides of the fire-space.

Connected with the forward ends of the superheating-pipes N are the steam-pipes 1, which extend upwardly from opposite sides to the top, where they merge into a single pipe R, which passes out through the casing of the boiler and may be directed to any point desired. By this arrangement, whereby the steam after leaving the drum is passed through the superheating-pipes located within the intense heat of the fire-space, said steam is maintained in a perfectly dry state and at a high degree of expansion.

As will be seen, the risers f of the superheating-pipes are also provided centrally with the union-couplings a. This employment of said unions in all of the vertical pipes that connect the upper half with the lower half or base of the boiler not only facilitates the setting up of the boiler, but enables it to be divided horizontally, if desired, and the upper section removed, leaving the base or lower section undisturbed.

The lower horizontal pipes, O, of the superheating-pipes are provided at their forward ends with a valve or cook S, through which any deposit in said pipes may be drawn.

Having thus fully set forth'my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In a steam-generator, the combination of the steam-drum, the transverse waterchambers communicating with the ends of said drum and depending below the plane thereof, the horizontal base-pipes, the series of short vertical pipes connecting the waterchamber at the front with said base-pipes, the series of vertical pipes connecting; the water-chamber at the rear with said basepipes and the series of interposed vertical pipes connecting said base-pipes with said drum intermediate said water-chambers 2. In a steam-generator, the combination of the steam-drum havinga transverse Waterchamber at each end thereof which depends but a short distance below the plane of said drum, the horizontal base-pipes curving upward at their forward ends and connected by a raised cross-pipe of the same diameter as said base-pipes forming a water -frame around the stoke-holes of the furnace, the series of vertical pipes connecting the water-chamber with said raised cross-pipe at the front, the cross-pipe at the rear of said base-pipes-and the series of vertical pipes connecting the rear water-chamber with said rear cross-pipe.

3. In a steam-generator, the combination of the drum, the water-chambers at the ends thereof depending slightly below the plane of said drum, the horizontal base-pipes connected by vertical pipes with said watercharnbers, the forward ends of said base-pipes extending upward and being connected by a raised cross-pipe of the same diameter as said base-pipes forming a water-chamber around the stoke-openings, and the series of vertical pipes connecting said vertical pipes with said drum intermediate said water-chambers.

4. In a steam-generator, the combination of the steam -drum, the transverse waterchambers connected by said drum, the horizontal base-pipes consisting of the side pipes and the central pipe, pipe connections between said base-pipes and said WELlJGlFChLmbers at each end, the series of vertical loops connecting said base-pipes with said drum, said loops being divided into three indepen (1- pipes and said drum at the ends, a grate, the

series of vertical loops over the grate connecting said base-pipes with said drum intermediate its ends, said loops being divided into separate divisions which connect inde-' pendently the side base-pipes and the central base-pipe with said drum.

6. In a steam-generator, the combination of the steam-drum, the horizontal base-pipes having water connections at the ends with the ends of said drum, a grate, the series of vertical loops extending longitudinally of the generator in independent divisions and connecting separately said base-pipes with said drum intermediate its ends, said loops being shorter immediately over the grate but beyond the grate extending down to the line of the bridge-wall.

'7. In a steam-generator, the combination of the steam-drum and the base-pipes having such pipe connections as to establish a circulatory system, the dividing-plate extending on each side of said drum from the front rearwardly forming a return fire-space above said plate, the feed-Water coils located within said return fire-space connected at their forward end with a transverse supply-pipe and at their rear ends with said base-pipes.

8. In a steam-generator, the combination with the steam-generatin g pipes, of the superheating steam-coils located on opposite sides of the fire-space, said coils consisting of two parallel horizontal pipes located in separate vertical planes and a series of vertical pipes connecting said horizontal pipes, said vertical pipes being provided intermediate their ends with couplings which enable the longitudinal separation of said pipes, for the purpose set forth.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

ALEXANDER W. FINLAYSON.

YVitnesses:

E. S. WHEELER, -LELAND B. CASE. 

